I will address bladder irritants that contribute to incontinence, and the 4 types of incontinence: urge, stress, overflow and functional incontinence.

UTI should be identified using McGeer or Loeb criteria before ordering analysis or giving antibiotics.

Dehydration can cause bladder irritability and lead to incontinence.

Nocturia or nighttime urination, is common and associated to fluid shifts, decreased antidiuretic hormone production, and a fragmented sleep.

I suggest non-medical management of incontinence to improve quality of life and avoid meds that can contribute to dementia.